What are the commonly used materials for membranes in membrane structures

The three most commonly used membrane materials for membrane structures are PVC, PTFE, and ETFE, each with its own characteristics:

**I. PVC Membrane Material:**
Substrate: Polyester fiber
Coating: Polyvinyl chloride resin
Characteristics: Low cost, easy to process, rich colors, but relatively weak durability, with a service life of generally 7-15 years. To improve its performance, a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating can be applied to its surface to enhance its anti-aging and self-cleaning abilities.

Application Scenarios: Temporary buildings or projects with cost constraints.

**II. PTFE Membrane Material:**
Substrate: Fiberglass
Coating: Polytetrafluoroethylene resin
Characteristics: High strength, good durability, fire retardant, strong self-cleaning properties, and a service life of over 20 years. Light transmittance is 13%, resulting in naturally diffused light without shadows or glare.

Application Scenarios: Permanent buildings, such as stadiums, airports, and exhibition centers.

III. ETFE Membrane Material
Substrate: Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film
Features: Up to 95% light transmittance, high impact resistance, can be prefabricated with bubble structures, but maintenance costs are relatively high.
Application Scenarios: Buildings requiring large-area lighting, such as large stadiums and exhibition halls.